太陽(yáng)能電池板是如何將陽(yáng)光轉(zhuǎn)換成電能?

　　How does a solar panel convert sunlight to electricity?

　　太陽(yáng)能電池板以太陽(yáng)光的形式收集清潔的可再生能源，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，然后用于為電力負(fù)荷提供電力。太陽(yáng)能電池板由幾個(gè)單的太陽(yáng)能電池組成，它們本身由硅、磷(提供負(fù)電荷)和硼(提供正電荷)組成。Solar panels collect clean renewable energy in the form of sunlight and convert that light into electricity which then can be used to provide power for electrical loads (the thing you are trying to give energy to). Solar panels are comprised of several individual solar cells which are themselves composed of layers of silicon (n-type), phosphorous (p-type) (which provides the negative charge), and boron (which provides the positive charge).

　　太陽(yáng)輻射可以通過(guò)太陽(yáng)能電池(光伏電池)直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。在這種電池中，當(dāng)光照射到金屬和半導(dǎo)體(如硅)之間的連接處或兩個(gè)不同半導(dǎo)體之間的連接處時(shí)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)小的電壓。單個(gè)光伏電池產(chǎn)生的功率通常只有兩瓦左右。然而，通過(guò)將大量的單個(gè)電池連接在一起，就像在太陽(yáng)能電池板陣列中一樣，可以產(chǎn)生數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千千瓦的電力。

　　Solar radiation may be converted directly into electricity by solar cells (photovoltaic cells). In such cells, a small electric voltage is generated when light strikes the junction between a metal and a semiconductor (such as silicon) or the junction between two different semiconductors. The power generated by a single photovoltaic cell is typically only about two watts. By connecting large numbers of individual cells together, however, as in solar-panel arrays, hundreds or even thousands of kilowatts of electric power can be generated.

　　在一個(gè)平衡的電網(wǎng)連接配置中，太陽(yáng)能電池陣列在白天發(fā)電，然后晚上在家庭里即可使用。

　　In a well-balanced grid-connected configuration, a solar array generates power during the day that is then used in the home at night.

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